中国的英语历史是什么

1. 英语在中国的历史

中国大陆情况
中国的基本教育（小学至高中）阶段，特别是中学阶段，外语以英语作为必修课专的超过90％。中属国自1980年代末期至1990年代初期开始，在全日制普通大学推行英语等级考试，作为对选择英语作为第一外语必修课课程的达标要求。
中国大陆从1949年至在1960年代中期，因与苏联的关系极为密切，外语主要以俄语为第一外语，从1960年代中期以后，选择英语作为第一外语，1978年特别是1983年以后，英语(外语)是在高等学校升学考试中，和其他科目一样同等对待。以此为导向，中国的中学课程，特别是初中教育基本上全部以英语作为外语教学课程的必修课，高中课程超过90％英语作为必修课；除非英语外语专业，在全日制普通大学，一般以英语作为必修课，其他外语作为选修课。
由于高考英语的地位很高，大学四六级与学位挂钩，近年来各界出现非常多的批评声音，指责中国教育过分强调英语的地位，忽视中文素质的培养，很多学生花费大量时间在英语上，影响了自己专业的学习，中文文化处于受歧视的地位。然而另一方，因为英语的准“世界语”地位，如果没有大量熟悉英语的人才，在全球化的进程中会产生负面影响

2. 中国的历史用英语有哪些

the history of China

3. 英语在中国的历史

英国人很早就通过意大利，西班牙和葡萄牙购得中国的丝绸，瓷器,茶等商品. 中国商品有内很大的需求，以往的利容润被地中海和中亚国家垄断盘剥.
地圆学说激发了哥伦布向西航行到中国的欲望,但他只到了美洲.后来英国海上霸权超过了葡萄牙西班牙荷兰,于1600年在印度建立东印度公司,以此为大本营与中国和其它亚洲国家交往.
英语是在商务和传教士的交往中逐步传到中国,大量频繁的交流出现于门户开放的洋务运动之后。

4. 用英语介绍中国历史

中国历史，从夏朝算起，有近4100年历史；从中国第一个统一的朝代秦朝算起，约有2241年。

The history of China is nearly 4100 years from the Xia Dynasty and 2241 years from the Qin Dynasty, the first unified dynasty in China.

史前时期的有巢氏 、燧人氏 、伏羲氏 、神农氏(炎帝) 、黄帝(轩辕氏) 被尊为中华人文始祖 。约公元前2070年，夏朝出现；商朝时出现了已知中国最早的成熟文字—甲骨文；西周时社会进一步发展，春秋战国时生产力提高，思想百家争鸣。

In prehistoric times, Youchao, Suiren, Fuxi, Shennong (Yandi) and Huangdi (Xuanyuan) were regarded as the ancestors of Chinese culture. In 2070 BC, Xia Dynasty appeared; in Shang Dynasty, oracle bone inscriptions, the earliest mature writing in China,

appeared; in Western Zhou Dynasty, society developed further, proctivity increased in spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, and a hundred schools of thought contend.

公元前221年，秦始皇建立了中国历史上第一个中央集权封建国家—秦朝；西汉与东汉时进一步巩固和发展了大一统的局面，汉字基本定型。三国两晋南北朝时期，中国进入分裂割据局面。

In 221 B.C., Qin Shihuang established the first centralized feudal state in Chinese history Qin Dynasty; the western and Eastern Han Dynasties further consolidated and developed the situation of great unification, and the Chinese characters were basically shaped.

During the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, the southern and Northern Dynasties, China entered a situation of separatist regime.

隋唐五代时期，经济繁荣、科技发展，文化影响广泛。武周时期，因“大周万国颂德天枢”的营建而使国际地位达到顶峰。辽宋夏金元时期，多元文化交融，经济、科技发展到新的高度。明朝时，经济取得发展，明末江南地区出现“资本主义萌芽”；清朝前期奠定了中国今天的疆域。

During the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, economic prosperity, scientific and Technological Development and cultural influence were widespread. During the Wuzhou period, the international status reached its peak because of the construction of "the great Zhou Wanguo praises the virtue of Tianshu".

In the period of Liao, song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, multi-cultural integration, economy, science and technology developed to a new height. In the Ming Dynasty, the economy developed, and "capitalist sprouts" appeared in Jiangnan area in the late Ming Dynasty; in the early Qing Dynasty, China's territory today was established.

(4)中国的英语历史是什么扩展阅读

根据历史文献和考古物证，可将中国历史（炎黄文明）划分为十个纪：

炎黄、虞夏、商周、齐楚、秦汉；

魏晋、隋唐、宋元、明清、共和。

一、炎黄纪：以仰韶文化为代表，约两千四百年（公元前五十至前二十六世纪）。以农业社会、母系社会末期、铜石并用时代、父系社会初期为准。炎黄纪已经出现私有制、商业、战争、奴隶。

二、虞夏纪：以龙山文化、齐家文化为代表，约一千年（公元前二十六至前十六世纪）。二里头文化兜底：以青铜器时代初期、双轮车、城市、文字等古文明标志为准。传说时代的颛顼、帝喾、尧、舜、禹或可研究纳入本时代故事集。

三、商周纪：青铜器时代中期，分封制中期，以殷墟、甲骨文为典型代表。成汤灭夏、武王伐纣、国人暴动为本时代三部曲。约八百年。

5. 英语中中国历史是什么

the history of China
而Chinese History本身含有歧义……另外，为表尊重，我们一般用教正式的用法“of”来表示属格

6. 英语在中国发展的历史

一、19世纪中叶英语开始在中国社会出现

19世纪中叶，随着航海的内发展和地理大发容现时期的到来，西方英语国家也开始逐步进入中国社会，随之而来的当然也包括他们的语言——英语。特别是自鸦片战争以来，英国将中国作为其商品市场和原料产地，英国商人不断来华进行商品贸易，英语开始在中国的商界、上流社会及高等教育界开始流行。

二、两次世界大战期间中国英语的发展

在两次世界大战期间，西方英语国家和美国与中国的接触更加频繁、往来更加密切。英语在中国的发展已不仅仅局限在小范围内，而是进一步推广至文化教育界、军事、政治等各个领域。在这期间还有大量的留学生被送往海外，留学生归国后也为英语在中国的发展起了巨大的推动作用。
三、改革开放后中国英语的发展

改革开放后，中国与西方英语国家及美国的交往更加密切。对外贸易开始发展，外资企业也开始在中国市场上出现。为更好的适应改革开放后中国的经济、社会发展，越来越多的人开始学习英语。1980年葛传规先生首先提出“中国英语”的概念。且在2001年中国加入世界贸易组织后，中国与国际间的交往更加密切。

7. 中国历史朝代简介（英文版）

一、秦朝

Qin Dynasty

The Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC) was the first unified dynasty in the history of China developed by the Qin State in the Warring States Period.

译文：秦朝（前221—前207）是由战国时期的秦国发展起来的中国历史上第一个大一统王朝，秦人的祖先大费是黄帝之孙颛顼的后裔，舜赐其嬴姓。

二、汉朝

Han Dynasty

The Han Dynasty (202-8 years ago, 25-220 years ago) was a unified dynasty after the Qin Dynasty. It was mainly divided into the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty.

译文：汉朝（前202年-8年,25年-220年）是继秦朝之后的大一统王朝，主要分为西汉、东汉时期，共历29帝，享国四百零五年。

三、晋朝

Jin Dynasty

Jin Dynasty (266-420 years), a dynasty in Chinese history, was divided into two periods: the Western Jin Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

译文：晋朝（266年－420年），中国历史上的朝代，上承三国下启南北朝，分为西晋与东晋两个时期，其中西晋为中国历史上大一统王朝之一，东晋则属于六朝之一，两晋共传十五帝，共一百五十五年。

四、隋朝

Sui Dynasty

The Sui Dynasty (581-618 or 619) was a unified dynasty in Chinese history, which inherited the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty.

译文：隋朝（581年—618年或619年）是中国历史上承南北朝下启唐朝的大一统朝代。

五、唐朝

1、Tang Dynasty

The Tang Dynasty (618-907) was a unified Central Plains Dynasty after the Sui Dynasty. It had twenty-one emperors and enjoyed the country for 289 years.

译文：唐朝（618年—907年），是继隋朝之后的大一统中原王朝，共历二十一帝，享国二百八十九年。

(7)中国的英语历史是什么扩展阅读：

中国历史（中国区域范围内的历史）

中国历史是指中国从中华文明产生到现在的历史。中国历史悠久，自黄帝部落的姬轩辕（也称公孙轩辕）时期算起约有5000年；从三皇五帝算起约有4600年；自夏朝算起约有近4100年；从中国第一次大统一的中央集权制的秦朝算起约有2240年。

中国历经多次政权演变和朝代更迭，也曾是世界上最强大的国家，经济、文化、科技世界瞩目。中国史前时期炎黄二帝被尊奉为中华民族的人文始祖。

约公元前2070年，中国最早的国家夏朝出现。东周推进了生产力发展和社会变革，思想上形成百家争鸣的局面。公元前221年，秦始皇建立了中国历史上第一个统一的专制主义中央集权帝国—秦朝，西汉进一步巩固和发展了大一统的局面。

三国两晋南北朝时，中国陷入分裂割据局面，五胡乱华期间，异族融于中国趋势加强，诸多民族在分立政权的冲突中逐渐汇聚。隋唐时期，中央与边疆少数民族联系更为密切，经济繁荣、科技文化高度发展。

宋元时期，多元文化碰撞交融，经济、科技发展到新的高度。明朝鼎盛时期，社会经济高度发展，明末在江南地区出现资本主义萌芽。

19世纪中期，鸦片战争后中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会。1911年辛亥革命，推翻了帝制，确立了共和政体。袁世凯死后，中国进入军阀割据混乱时期。

后经国民大革命，土地革命，抗日战争以及解放战争，终于在1949年成立中华人民共和国。又经1966年到1976年的文化大革命。1978年后中国开始实行改革开放政策，中国经济快速发展，2011年中国超越日本成为世界第二大经济体。

8. 中国历史,英文

Chinese civilization originated in various regional centers both along the Yellow River and the Yangtze River valleys in the Neolithic era. The written history of China can be found as early as the Shang Dynasty (ca. 1700 BCE – ca. 1046 BCE).[1] Oracle Bones with ancient Chinese writing from the Shang Dynasty have been carbon dated to as early as 1500 BCE.[2] The origins of Chinese culture, literature and philosophy, developed ring the Zhou Dynasty (1045 BCE to 256 BCE).The Zhou Dynasty began to bow to external and internal pressures in the 8th century BCE. The ability of the Zhou to control its regional lords lessened, and the kingdom eventually broke apart into indivial smaller states, beginning in the Spring and Autumn Period and reaching full expression in the Warring States period. In 221 BCE, Qin Shi Huang united the various warring kingdoms and created the first Chinese empire. Successive dynasties in Chinese history developed bureaucratic systems that enabled the Emperor of China to directly control vast territories.The conventional view of Chinese history is that of a dynasty alternating between periods of political unity and disunity and occasionally becoming dominated by other inner Asian peoples, most of whom were in turn assimilated into the Han Chinese population. Cultural and political influences from many parts of Asia, carried by successive waves of immigration, expansion, and cultural assimilation, are part of the modern culture of China.

9. 中国的英文的来历

目前关于中国的英文的来历有主要有以下几种说法：

说法一：源于瓷器

西方瓷器原本是从中国输入的。明朝的时候，大批的中国瓷器产品就开始输往西方世界。波斯人称中国的瓷器为chini，欧洲商人在波斯购买中国瓷器也同时把一词带回了西方。后来，他们又把chini改为china，并且把生产china的中国也一并称为China。欧美人谈到China的时候，往往联想到China(中国)是china(瓷器)之乡。

说法二：源于秦朝

《美国遗产大词典》的解释是，“China”一词与公元前三世纪的秦有关，“China”是秦国的“秦”的译音，这一观点首先是罗马传教士卫匡国（Martini, Martin）在1655年最早提出来的。

说法三：源于丝绸

在公元前五世纪，东方的丝绸已成为希腊上层社会喜爱的衣料，因此，有学者认为“Cina”一词由来于丝绸的“丝”，其依据是希腊史学家克特西亚斯（Ctesias）在他的著作中提到了赛里斯人（Serica），由此认为“赛里斯”是由“Cina”转变而来。持这一观点的学者是成都理工大学刘兴诗教授和上海东华大学教授周启澄先生。刘兴诗教授曾在论文《CHINA释义新探》中不仅提出， “China”一词源于丝绸，还认为古时西土各国认定的“Cina”所在正是古蜀国，即今天的成都地区。“丝国”并非指今日中国的全境。

说法四：源于蒙古

中国北方诸族之裔呈通古斯、蒙古、突厥三大语族并存的局面，是上古语言生态融合而成的较为简单的表象。以匈奴疆域之庞大，影响之广，其语言和血缘必然混杂，是一个多血缘多语言的部落联盟。总的来看，语言接近后世蒙古民族的形态，同属于通古斯语。因此，“Cina”一词的含义应该能够在今天的蒙古语中得到相应的解释。在蒙古语中的读音可谓与“Cina”非常相象，读做“赤那”，意思为“狼”。由于当时游牧民族强悍，以远播到欧洲。可能以影响到对中国的称呼。

说法五：源于印度梵文

起源于印度古梵文“支那”。这个支那又作脂那、至那。文僧苏曼殊(1884-1918)通英、法、日、梵诸文，曾撰有《梵文典》。他认为China起源于古梵文“支那”，初作Cina。他研读三千年前的古印度史诗《摩诃婆罗多》和《罗摩衍那》，发现支那一词最早见于这两部著作，其原义为“智巧”。他认为，这是三千四百年前印度婆罗多王朝时彼邦人士对黄河流域商朝所治国度的美称。“智巧”与慧苑所说之“思维”内涵略有不同，想系词义因时代而演变所致。

(9)中国的英语历史是什么扩展阅读：

中国的其他外语翻译

葡萄牙语：China 、 罗马尼亚语：China 、 法语：Chine 、 希腊语：Kina（Κινα）、

马扎尔语：Kina（匈牙利官方语言） 、 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语：Kina/Кина 、 丹麦语：Kina、

蒙古人：Mongolian 、 满族人： Manchurian 、 朝鲜人或称韩国人 ;Korean 日本人：（ちゅうごく） chyuu go ku。

10. 中国历史简介英文版

As the symbol of the old-line Xian, Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a well-preserved ancient building and a holy place for Buddhists. It is located in the southern suburb of Xian City, about 4 kilometers (2.49 miles) from the downtown of the city. Standing in the Da Ci'en Temple complex, it attracts numerous visitors for its fame in the Buddhist religion, its simple but appealing style of construction, and its new square in front of the temple. It is rated as a National Key Cultural Relic Preserve as well as an AAAA Tourist Attraction.

This attraction can be divided into three parts: the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Da Ci'en Temple, and the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.

Big Wild Goose Pagoda
Originally built in 652 ring the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), it functioned to collect Buddhist materials that were taken from India by the hierarch Xuanzang.

Xuanzang started off from Chang'an (the ancient Xian), along the Silk Road and through deserts, finally arriving in India, the cradle of Buddhism. Enring 17 years and traversing 100 countries, he obtained Buddha figures, 657 kinds of sutras, and several Buddha relics. Having gotten the permission of Emperor Gaozong (628-683), Xuanzang, as the first abbot of Da Ci'en Temple, supervised the building of a pagoda inside it. With the support of royalty, he asked 50 hierarchs into the temple to translate Sanskrit in sutras into Chinese, totaling 1,335 volumes, which heralded a new era in the history of translation. Based on the journey to India, he also wrote a book entitled 'Pilgrimage to the West' in the Tang Dynasty, to which scholars attached great importance.

First built to a height of 60 meters (197 feet) with five stories, it is now 64.5 meters (211.6 feet) high with an additional two stories. It was said that after that addition came the saying-'Saving a life exceeds building a seven-storied pagoda'. Externally it looks like a square cone, simple but grand and it is a masterpiece of Buddhist construction. Built of brick, its structure is very firm. Inside the pagoda, stairs twist up so that visitors can climb and overlook the panorama of Xian City from the arch-shaped doors on four sides of each storey. On the walls are engraved fine statues of Buddha by the renowned artist Yan Liben of the Tang Dynasty. Steles by noted calligraphers also grace the pagoda.

As for the reason why it is called Big Wild Goose Pagoda, there is a legend. According to ancient stories of Buddhists, there were two branches, for one of which eating meat was not a taboo. One day, they couldn't find meat to buy. Upon seeing a group of big wild geese flying by, a monk said to himself: 'Today we have no meat. I hope the merciful Bodhisattva will give us some.' At that very moment, the leading wild goose broke its wings and fell to the ground. All the monks were startled and believed that Bodhisattva showed his spirit to order them to be more pious. They established a pagoda where the wild goose fell and stopped eating meat. Hence it got the name 'Big Wild Goose Pagoda'.

Da Ci'en Temple

Da Ci'en Temple is the home of Big Wild Goose Pagoda. In 648, to commemorate the dead virtuous queen, royalty ordered the building of a temple named 'Ci'en' (Mercy and Kindness), for which the status and scale far exceeded all others. Today, with an area of 32,314 square meters (38,648.5 square yards), one seventh of the original area, it still retains its grandeur.

Before the temple, there stands a statue of hierarch Xuanzang, the meritorious hierarch. Walking on and across a small bridge, visitors will see the gates of the temple. With guarding lions, the temple seems stately for lions were said to function as talismans.

Entering the temple you will see two buildings-Bell Tower in the east and Drum Tower in the west. Inside the Bell Tower hangs an iron bell 15 tons (14.76 gross tons) in weight. It was molded in 1548 in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Along the central axis are arranged the Hall of Mahavira, Sermon Hall, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, and the Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang. In the Hall of Mahavira are three carved statues of Sakyamuni, and 18 arhats as well as Xuanzang. The Sermon Hall is where Buddhist disciples would listen to a sermon. A bronze statue of Amitabha is dedicated and a Buddha statue is collected by Xuanzang as oblation. The Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang is north of Big Wild Goose Pagoda. In this hall are Xuanzang's relic and a bronze statue of a seated Xuanzang. The inner wall is chiseled with murals depicting this hierarch's story. Renowned as the contemporary Dunhuang Buddhist storehouse praised by UNESCO, it is the biggest memorial of Xuanzang.

North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda

Surrounding Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the scenery is also quite charming, especially the square north of the Da Ci'en Temple. Covering about 110,000 square meters (131563 square yards) plus 20,000 square meters (23920.6 square yards) of water area, it holds many records: in Asia, it is the biggest Tang-culture square, the biggest fountain and waterscape square, and the largest-scale sculptures area. In the world, it has the most benches, the longest light-belt, and the largest-scale acoustic complex.

The entire square is composed of waterscape fountains, a cultural square, gardens and tourist paths. There you can taste real Chinese culture and traditions and fully enjoy the truly attractive views. With reliefs on the theme of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, 200-meter-long (656-foot-long) sculpture groups, 8 groups of sculpted figures, 40 relievos on the land, and 22 styles of musical fountains, it has become a must-see when you visit Big Wild Goose Pagoda.